Unit 8
Lessons 3+4
Student’s Book pages 64 and 65
VOCABULARY: Climate change
1. Find words from the text on page 62 that relate to the following subjects.
|
Climate |
Natural
Disasters |
professions |
|
ice ages, cold, dark, warm periods,
warmer, global warming, extreme. |
volcanic eruptions, clashes with
astroids, smoke and dust. |
Geologists, Archaeologists |
VOCABULARY: Adjectives
2. Complete the sentences about changes to Earth using the words in the box.
1- In past ice ages, much of Earth’s water was frozen .
2- Volcanic eruptions made the climate cold and dark.
3- In warm periods, there were many plants and animals.
4- Small dinosaurs once lived in Antarctica.
5- The southern Sahara was once a fertile valley.
LISTENING
3. Listen to this news report. What have the archaeologists found and where?
Answers:
Archaeologists found evidence that people lived and hunted in the Sahara Desert between 4,500 and 10,000 years ago. There were bones belonging to animals that didn’t live in the desert.
QUOTATION
Read the quotation. Do you agree with it? Why/Why not? Translate the quotation into Arabic.
Wherever you go, no matter what the weather, always bring your own sunshine.
Anthony J.D’Angelo, Author
مهما كانت الظروف والتحديات، كن إيجابياً
READING AND GRAMMAR: Non-defining relative clauses
4. Read and complete the news report. Use the phrases from the box.
Jordan’s wildlife
Through the years, Jordan has faced several environmental problems. One of these problems is the deforestation of areas (1) that used to be covered with plants . These areas, (2) which were full of trees in the past , have now become deserts. The loss of forested areas has put many animal species, as well as the soil, in danger. The decline of wildlife was first noticed by a group of hunters many years ago, (3) who later on established the Royal Society of Conservation of Nature , a non-governmental organisation that carries out projects to protect the environment. The Jordanian government has also taken steps towards protecting the remaining forests, and started projects (4) that bring back the desert to life. One of these projects is the Sahara Forest Project, an agreement signed by Jordan and Norway, (5) who both aim at turning the desert Aqaba into an oasis.
SPEAKING
5. What other projects do you think can be carried out to protect nature? Discuss your ideas in a group. Then share your ideas with the class.
Answers:
Students’ own answers.
6. What causes climate change? Do you think climate change is important? Share your ideas with the class.
Answers:
Students’ own answers.
WRITING
7. Write three paragraphs about what causes climate change and if you think it is important for the future of Earth. Use your ideas and those of the class from exercise 6.
Answers:
Students’ own answers.
Unit 8
Lessons 5+6
Student’s Book pages 66 and 67
VOCABULARY: Volcanoes
1. These words are all connected to volcanoes. Which ones refer to kinds of rocks? Check the meaning of any words you don’t know in the Activity Book Glossary or in a dictionary.
Answers:
Students’ own answers.
READING
2. Read the article about volcanoes. What positive effects do volcanoes have?
Answers:
Ash and lava make the ground good for farming. Magma becomes earth that is good for growing plants. The obsidian is used as farming and medical tool.
COMPREHENSION
3. Choose a suitable heading for each paragraph, then explain your answers.
Answers:
Students’ own answers.
4. Read the text again and answer the questions.
1- Where do volcanoes occur? Volcanoes occur where the plates in Earth’s crust have cracks or weak spots in them.
2- What are the hot melted rocks called? The hot melted rocks are called magma.
3- Are there any active volcanoes in Jordan nowadays? Explain. All volcanic sports in Jordan are inactive now. They were active many years ago.
4- Why is the ash dangerous? Because it can crush houses and plants.
5- Do you think it is safe to live near a volcano? Why/Why not? Students’ own answers.
Research box
The deepest mines on Earth are only about four kilometres deep. How far is the centre of Earth from the surface?
The distance between the centre of Earth and the surface ranges from 6,353 to 6,384 km.
VOCABULARY: The structure of a volcano
5. Complete the labels on the diagram of the volcano with the words from the box.
Answers:
1- rocks
2- lava
3- ash
4- crust
5- magma
6- cracks
7- plates
PRONUNCIATION
6. Listen to the words in the box. Notice the sound at the beginning of the words. Repeat them. What are the letters that make the sound?
We call the sound of two consonants a cluster. In pairs, find words in the vocabulary box on page 66 that start with other clusters. Write the words and say them.
Answers:
The letters are c and r.Other words are pressure and plate.
WRITING
7. Imagine that you have just witnessed the eruption of a volcano. Write an account of what happened and what you saw.
Answers:
Students’ own answers.