Unit 8
Lesson 1
Student’s Book pages 62-63
Earth
Before reading
1. What do the photographs show? Do you know what subject they all have in common? Discuss with a partner.
Answers:
They show melting ice floes, fossils and volcanic eruption. These pictures are all related to the subject of geology and Earth.
2. Read the words in the box. Which are connected to Earth? Check the meaning of any words you don’t know in the Activity Book Glossary or in a dictionary
Answers:
All of the words except ‘asteroid’ and ‘dramatic’ are connected to Earth.
3. Read and listen to this magazine article. Who or what can tell us about climate changes in the past?
Answers:
Geologists study Earth’s rocks, and Archaeologists have also discovered evidence that shows how Earth’s climate has changed.
Comprehension
4. Read and listen to the article again. Answer the following questions.
2- Which disasters caused the climate to become cold and dark? huge volcanic eruptions and clashes with asteroids causing the climate to become cold and dark.
3- What can geologists discover from the number of layers of rock? How climate was in the past. In warm periods of Earth’s history, there were many plants and animals which eventually died and were fossilised in layers of rock.
4- What have archaeologists found in Antarctica and what does this prove? They have found fossils of trees in parts of Antarctica, which prove that this area was much warmer 110 million years ago than it is today.
5- What is meant by the words ‘take action’? What kind of action might need to be taken? They mean that something should be done in order to deal with a problem. People must stop the activities that are causing global warming for example , we can reduce waste and recycle as much as we can; we can plant trees; we shouldn’t use electric appliances very often and try to conserve as much energy as possible.
6- What do you think the climate will be like in the future? Explain. Suggested answers: The climate will be warmer, more extreme and unpredictable.
GRAMMAR
5. Choose the correct alternatives in the sentences based on the text on page 62.
1- Sudden disasters filled the atmosphere with smoke and dust, who / which / whose blocked out the Sun, causing the climate to become cold and dark.
2- Several ice ages, which / when / who glaciers covered much of Earth’s surface, have taken place.
3- Geologists, which / whose / who study Earth’s formation and its rocks, find out what happened in the past by looking at layers of rock.
4- In the Antarctic, who / which / where plants and animals face a harsh cold environment, archaeologists have found evidence that this area was once much warmer.
5- Humans, who / whose / which activities cause global warming, need to take action.
Speaking
6. Work in a group. Make a sentence about one of the places in the box below. Then add more information to the sentence using a non-defining relative clause.
Answers:
Students’ own answers.
WRITING
7. Read these sentences from a London guidebook.
The Post Office Tower, which was built in 1964 CE, is 189 metres high.
Charles Dickens, whose house is in Bloomsbury, was a famous writer.
Write similar sentences about a town you know well. Include a non-defining relative clause in each. Then share your work with the class.
Answers:
Students’ own answers.