Unit 8
Lesson 1
Activity Book page 44
Vocabulary
1. Find the words for the following definitions. The first letter of each word is given to you.
1- the remains of an animal or plant preserved inside a rock fossil.
2- a rock that moves around the sun asteroid.
3- unexpected and filled with action dramatic .
4- when the earth explodes inside and causes material to flow out eruption .
5- the material that the outer layer of the earth is made of rock .
GRAMMAR
GRAMMAR: Non-defining relative clauses
2. Complete the sentences with the correct relative pronoun.
1- This phone, which I bought secondhand, is just as good as any new model.
2- That girl, whose name I’ve forgotten, goes to my school.
3- Al Zahrawi, who was a surgeon, developed many medical instruments still in use today.
4- People say the author’s latest book, which I haven’t read yet, is quite good.
5- Global warming, which is a subject I’m very interested in, is the topic of the conference.
3. Add the correct non-defining relative clauses (a–f) to the sentences (1–6).
1- Lagos,……………. , has a population of about 12 million.
2- Omar,…………………….. , is a part-time waiter at a restaurant.
3- The original Globe Theatre,…………………….. , burnt down.
4- My English teacher,………………… , comes from Jordan.
5- The book,……………………. , has become a best-seller once again.
6- My cousin,…………………… , is coming to visit us.
a- where actors first performed Shakespeare’s plays
b- which the author first wrote in 1920 CE
c- which is a huge city
d- who is still a student
e- whose name is Miss Amal
f- who lives in Canada
Answers:
1 c
2 d
3 a
4 e
5 b
6 f
VOCABULARY
4. Complete the text about a volcano in Indonesia with the words from the box.
The Mount Tambora volcano
The eruption of Indonesia’s Mount Tambora on 5 April 1815 CE was one of the most (1) dramatic eruptions in history. Signs of the eruption began when a (2) dark cloud of ash formed over the mountain. The eruption (3) blocked out part of the sun’s light for months afterwards. June, July and August, which were usually (4) warm months, were extremely cold across Europe and North America that year. That’s why, 1816 CE was called ‘The Year Without a Summer’. All over the world crops failed and farmers had to kill their cattle to (5) provide food. At least 300,000 people starved or (6) froze. In Indonesia, it took five years before the ground became (7) fertile enough for plants to grow again.
5. Use the words from the box in exercise 4 to put them under the two headings in the table below.
|
Adjectives |
Verbs |
|
dark,
dramatic, fertile, warm, small |
blocked,
froze, provide |
WRITING
6. Join the sentences using the relative pronouns in brackets to make non-defining relative clauses.
1- In 1812 CE, Petra was discovered. It was one of the ancient world’s ‘lost cities’. (which)
2- Jean-Louis Burckhardt is a Swiss traveller and explorer. He discovered Petra. (who)
3- Jean-Louis Burckhardt began his long expedition in 1810 CE. His main purpose was to find the source of the River Niger. (whose)
4- A local guide helped him find the Tomb of Aaron. He was employed by Burckhardt. (who)
5- Petra is now Jordan’s most-visited tourist attraction. It is famous for its amazing architecture and water system. (which).
Answers:
1- In 1812 CE, Petra, which was one of the ancient world’s ‘lost cities’, was discovered.
2- Jean-Louis Burckhardt, who discovered Petra, is a Swiss traveller and explorer.
3- Jean-Louis Burckhardt, whose main purpose was to find the source f the River Niger, began his long expedition in 1810 CE.
4- A local guide, who was employed by Burckhardt, helped him find the Tomb of Aaron.
5- Petra, which is famous for its amazing architecture and water system, is now Jordan’s most-visited tourist attraction.
Unit 8
Lessons 5+6
Activity Book pages 46 and 47
Reading
7. Read about volcanoes and choose the correct answers.
1- What happens to the magma when the top of a volcano splits open?
a. It bubbles up and erupts.
b. It stays inside the volcano.
c. It turns into ashes.
2- What covers almost 17% of Jordan today?
a. magma
b. crust
c. basalt
3- What happened to the volcanoes in Jordan?
a. They disappeared.
b.. They are no longer active.
c They exploded.
4- How many natural volcanoes can still be found in Jordan today?
a. more than 80
b. more than 40
c. none
5- Which one is an example of a volcano in Jordan?
a. Azraq
b. the North Arabian basalt plateau
c. Jabal Aritayn.
Answers:
1 a
2 c
3 b
4 b
5 c
8. Find words in the text with the following meanings:
1- hot, melted rocks inside the earth magma.
2- the hot material that flows down the surface of the earth after an eruption lava.
3- a line on the surface of something that has split but hasn’t separated into parts crack.
4- a volcanic rock formed from the fast cooling of lava basalt .
5- a force applied to something pressure.
6- become more intense and about to blow up bubble up.
WRITING: A NEWSPAPER ARTICLE ABOUT A DISASTER
9. Choose one of the following world disasters to research.
Make notes about the disaster and its causes and consequences.
● Where did it happen, and when?
● What happened?
● What were the causes?
● What were the consequences?
Answers:
Students’ own answers.
10. Now write a newspaper article describing the disaster.
Answers:
Students’ own answers.